The Dolomites are the densest single driving region in Europe. Inside a sixty-kilometre radius sit four classic passes that can be driven as a single loop, Pordoi, Sella, Gardena, Campolongo, and a dozen more that take half a day each. Add the Great Dolomites Road from Bolzano to Cortina, the Falzarego and Giau as a separate eastern day, and a Stelvio run on the way out, and five days barely scratches the surface.
The geography here is unlike anywhere else. Vertical limestone walls a thousand metres high, meadows at their base, and small twisting roads threaded between them. The Pordoi's 27 hairpins on the western approach are the signature stretch, tight, exposed, and with one of the most photographed straight-down corners in Europe (the Maria Flora hairpin, above Arabba). The Giau is the quieter outlier: fewer tourists, wilder landscape, and the best mountain driving in the region once you have it to yourself.
Bolzano (Bozen in German) is the base. It's the largest town in the region, bilingual, with a proper airport an hour south at Verona if the Zurich route doesn't suit. The Parkhotel Laurin is the classic choice, central, covered parking, and a short walk to the old town. Cortina d'Ampezzo is the alternative, more upscale and better positioned for the eastern passes, but at twice the price. For a mid-range option, the Schloss Mirabell above Merano is thirty minutes from Bolzano and close to the Stelvio approach.
The itinerary below is built around two multi-pass days (Sella Ronda, Falzarego/Giau), one long linear day (Great Dolomites Road, Bolzano to Cortina and back), and bookend days for arrival and Stelvio-and-depart. Road surfaces vary, major passes like the Pordoi and Stelvio are well maintained, some of the smaller Dolomite roads are patched. Traffic is the bigger consideration: midday in July and August the Pordoi becomes a motorcycle parade. Drive at dawn.
Tolls are modest on these roads; the Sella Ronda passes are toll-free. Italian autostrade charge by distance, the Bolzano–Stelvio transit is on local roads and free. Late May through mid-October is the open window; mid-September is the single best week (passes open, coach traffic thinning, light angling). Book hotels well ahead for any dates inside peak summer, Cortina fills up.